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Darrell Tryon

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</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Darrell T. Tryon</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">(1942-07-20)20 July 1942 <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">15 May 2013(2013-05-15) (aged 70) <div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a>, Australia</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Linguist</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic background</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Thesis" title="Thesis">Thesis</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/handle/10092/100726">Le français parlé aux Iles Loyauté.</a> (1963)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic work</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Main interests</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Oceanic_languages" title="Oceanic languages">Oceanic languages</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">

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Darrell T. Tryon (20 July 1942 – 15 May 2013) was a <a href="New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>-born <a href="Linguist" class="mw-redirect" title="Linguist">linguist</a>, academic, and specialist in <a href="Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian languages</a>. Specifically, Tryon specialised in the study of the languages of the <a href="Pacific_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islands">Pacific Islands</a>, particularly <a href="Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a>, the <a href="Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a>, and the French-speaking Pacific.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-jso-2">[2]</a>

From 1970 to 1971, Tryon completed the first systematic study of the <a href="Languages_of_Vanuatu" title="Languages of Vanuatu">languages</a> of Vanuatu, known at the time as the <a href="New_Hebrides" title="New Hebrides">New Hebrides</a>.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a> His study, which collected a list of vocabulary words from communities throughout the islands, determined that there were more than one hundred distinct languages in Vanuatu.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a> Tryon determined that the modern, indigenous languages of Vanuatu are part of <a href="Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian language family</a>.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a>

Tryon began to study the <a href="Languages_of_the_Solomon_Islands" title="Languages of the Solomon Islands">languages of the Solomon Islands</a> in 1978.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a> He was also authored works on the <a href="Pidgin" title="Pidgin">pidgin</a> and <a href="Creole_language" title="Creole language">creole languages</a> of the <a href="Pacific_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islands">Pacific Islands</a>, including <a href="Pijin" title="Pijin">Pijin</a> of the Solomon Islands and <a href="Bislama" title="Bislama">Bislama</a> of Vanuatu.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2></div>

Tryon was born on 20 July 1942, in <a href="New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>.<a href="#cite_note-loc-4">[4]</a> He studied at the <a href="University_of_Canterbury" title="University of Canterbury">University of Canterbury</a>, where he completed a thesis on the indigenous languages of the <a href="Loyalty_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Loyalty Islands">Loyalty Islands</a>, an <a href="Archipelago" title="Archipelago">archipelago</a> of <a href="New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> He achieved fluency in <a href="French_language" title="French language">French</a> as a student and developed a fascination with the culture and history of the French regions of the South Pacific.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a>

He moved to Australia during the mid-1960s, where he taught at <a href="Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tahitiinfo-6">[6]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</h2></div>

Much of Tryon's research focused on the <a href="New_Hebrides" title="New Hebrides">New Hebrides</a>, the colonial name for Vanuatu.<a href="#cite_note-jso-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a> He was a specialist on Vanuatu and its linguistic diversity. Tryon began his fieldwork in there in 1969.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a> From 1970 to 1971, Tryon conducted the first systematic study of the more than 100 <a href="Languages_of_Vanuatu" title="Languages of Vanuatu">languages of Vanuatu</a>. Rather than focusing on grammar, Tryon collected lists of vocabulary words from languages throughout the islands to determine the relationships between the languages.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a>

His 1970–1971 study established the existence of 117 indigenous languages spoken in Vanuatu in the early 1970s. The languages of the islands were found to be members of the <a href="Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian</a> language family. He used the cutoff of 81% shared <a href="Cognate" title="Cognate">cognates</a> to differentiate a distinct language from a <a href="Dialect" title="Dialect">dialect</a>.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a> Some of the languages studied by Tryon have since become extinct. For example, the <a href="Sowa_language" title="Sowa language">Sowa language</a>, which was spoken by just 20 people living in one village near Ranwadi on <a href="Pentecost_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecost Island">Pentecost Island</a> at the time, became extinct when the last speaker died in 2000.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a>

In 1972, he published <a href="Pacific_Linguistics" title="Pacific Linguistics">Pacific Linguistics</a> volume (C-50), which contained his surveys, research and a 292-word list collected from 179 Ni-Vanuatu communities.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a> The book also contained maps, showing where he language was spoken on each island. Tryon presented his findings at the First International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, which was held in <a href="Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a>, <a href="Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, in 1974.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a> Tryon's final survey on Vanuatu's 117 languages was published in 1976.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-jso-2">[2]</a>

Tryon's surveys have considered to be essential to any researcher studying Vanuatu's languages.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a> They still form the basis for much of the current knowledge on Vanuatu's linguistic heritage, according to <a href="John_Lynch_(linguist)" title="John Lynch (linguist)">John Lynch</a>, a professor <a href="Emeritus" title="Emeritus">emeritus</a> in linguistics at the <a href="University_of_the_South_Pacific" title="University of the South Pacific">University of the South Pacific</a>.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a>

Tryon headed the Vanuatu Fieldworker Programme from the early 1980s until 2009.<a href="#cite_note-jso-2">[2]</a> The Vanuatu Fieldworker Programme invited men from villages throughout the country to a meeting in <a href="Port_Vila" title="Port Vila">Port Vila</a> once a year. Each annual meeting explored a specific cultural topic.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a> The participants, who eventually included more than fifty men, made audio recordings of their community's cultural traditions and <a href="Folklore" title="Folklore">folklore</a>. The researchers and the men recorded the material in <a href="Bislama" title="Bislama">Bislama</a>. All recordings and other records from the Vanuatu Fieldworker Programme were archived at the <a href="Vanuatu_Cultural_Centre" title="Vanuatu Cultural Centre">Vanuatu Cultural Centre</a> in Port Vila.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a>

Much of Tryon's research from the 1970s to the 2010s continued to focus on Vanuatu.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a> He published an extensive collection of papers and other academic research on the country and its languages.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Solomon_Islands">Solomon Islands</h2></div>

He also conducted extensive research on the <a href="Languages_of_the_Solomon_Islands" title="Languages of the Solomon Islands">languages of the Solomon Islands</a>, beginning in 1978.<a href="#cite_note-vdp-1">[1]</a> Tryon and his research partner, Brian Hackman, travelled throughout the country, conducting a systematic study of the nation's languages. Their work resulted in the publication of a volume on the languages of the Solomon Islands, published in 1983.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_work">Later work</h2></div>

In 1995, Tryon released the Comparative Austronesian Dictionary, a five-volume set published by <a href="Mouton_de_Gruyter" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouton de Gruyter">Mouton de Gruyter</a>.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a> The work was the result of years of research. Tryon wrote the introductory articles for the set.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a> The Dictionary contains <a href="Annotated" class="mw-redirect" title="Annotated">annotated</a> wordlists for 1310 meanings, which organised <a href="Semantic_domain" title="Semantic domain">semantic domain</a> from 80 Austronesian languages, stretching from <a href="Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a> to the Pacific, including 40 languages from the Oceania region. Each list, which was assembled by a specialist in that particular language, also included a written introduction to the language by the specialist.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a>

He and Jean-Michel Charpentier co-authored the 2004 book, Pacific Pidgins and Creoles, which explored the history of the <a href="Pidgin" title="Pidgin">pidgin</a> and <a href="Creole_language" title="Creole language">creole languages</a> in the Pacific islands.<a href="#cite_note-jso-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a>

Tryon served as the deputy director of the Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies at the <a href="Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a> during portions of the 1990s and 2000s.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a> He became increasingly interested both the sociology and governments of the various South Pacific nations and territories during the time, which was reflected in his research.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a> Tryon also became a Constitutional Advisor to the <a href="Government_of_Vanuatu" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Vanuatu">government of Vanuatu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a>

The government of France awarded him the <a href="Legion_of_Honour" title="Legion of Honour">Legion of Honour</a> in recognition of his contributions to <a href="French_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="French culture">French culture</a> and language in the Pacific as well as his commitment to <a href="Australia%E2%80%93France_relations" title="Australia–France relations">Australia–France relations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2></div>

Tryon died from <a href="Melanoma" title="Melanoma">melanoma</a> in <a href="Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a>, Australia, on 15 May 2013, at the age of 70.<a href="#cite_note-or-3">[3]</a> Dignitaries in attendance at his funeral in Canberra included Acting <a href="Prime_Minister_of_Vanuatu" title="Prime Minister of Vanuatu">Prime Minister of Vanuatu</a> <a href="Ralph_Regenvanu" title="Ralph Regenvanu">Ralph Regenvanu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-or2-7">[7]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2></div>

<ul><li>Conversational Tahitian: An introduction to the Tahitian language of French Polynesia (1970)</li>

<li>The Language of Easter Island: Its Development and Eastern Polynesian Relationships (1984), co-authored with Robert Langdon</li>

<li>Comparative Austronesian Dictionary (1995), five volume set published by <a href="Mouton_de_Gruyter" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouton de Gruyter">Mouton de Gruyter</a></li>

<li>Bonnemaison: Arts of Vanuatu (1997), co-editor with Joel Bonnemaison and Kirk Huffman</li>

<li>Pacific Pidgins and Creoles (2004), co-authored with Jean-Michel Charpentier</li>

<li>The Austronesians: Historical and Comparative Perspectives (2006), co-authored with Peter Bellwood and James J. Fox</li>

<li>Oceanic Encounters: Exchange, Desire, Violence (2011), co-authored with <a href="Margaret_Jolly" title="Margaret Jolly">Margaret Jolly</a> and Serge Tcherkézoff</li>

<li>Politics, Development and Security in Oceania (2013), co-authored with David Hegarty</li></ul>

<dl><dt><a href="Pacific_Linguistics" title="Pacific Linguistics">Pacific Linguistics</a> publications</dt></dl>

<ul><li>Tryon, D.T. <a href="Nengone_language" title="Nengone language">Nengone</a> grammar. B-6, x + 101 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1967. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">

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</style><a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-B6">10.15144/PL-B6</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. <a href="Dehu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dehu language">Dehu</a> grammar. B-7, xii + 122 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1968. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-B7">10.15144/PL-B7</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. <a href="Iaai_language" title="Iaai language">Iai</a> grammar. B-8, xii + 137 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1968. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-B8">10.15144/PL-B8</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. An introduction of <a href="Maranungku_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Maranungku language">Maranungku</a> (Northern Australia). B-15, x + 121 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1970. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-B15">10.15144/PL-B15</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. <a href="Dehu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dehu language">Dehu</a>-English dictionary. C-6, vi + 142 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1967. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-C6">10.15144/PL-C6</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. English-<a href="Dehu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dehu language">Dehu</a> dictionary. C-7, iv + 165 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1967. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-C7">10.15144/PL-C7</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. and Dubois, M.J. <a href="Nengone_language" title="Nengone language">Nengone</a> dictionary. Part I: Nengone-English. C-9, viii + 452 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1969. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-C9">10.15144/PL-C9</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. and Dubois, M.J. <a href="Nengone_language" title="Nengone language">Nengone</a> dictionary. Part II: English-Nengone. C-23, iv + 205 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1971. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-C23">10.15144/PL-C23</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. <a href="Daly_River_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Daly River languages">Daly Family languages</a>, Australia. C-32, xviii + 322 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1974. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-C32">10.15144/PL-C32</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. <a href="New_Hebrides_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="New Hebrides languages">New Hebrides languages</a>: An internal classification. C-50, vi + 550 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1976. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-C50">10.15144/PL-C50</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. "<a href="Languages_of_Vanuatu" title="Languages of Vanuatu">The Languages of the New Hebrides</a>: Internal and External Relationships". In Wurm, S.A. and Carrington, L. editors, Second International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics: Proceedings. C-61:877-902. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1978. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-C61.877">10.15144/PL-C61.877</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. and Hackman, B.D. <a href="Solomon_Islands_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon Islands languages">Solomon Islands languages</a>: An internal classification. C-72, viii + 493 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1983. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-C72">10.15144/PL-C72</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. "Towards a classification of <a href="Solomon_Islands_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon Islands languages">Solomon Islands languages</a>". In Halim, A., Carrington, L. and Wurm, S.A. editors, Papers from the Third International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, Vol. 1: Currents in Oceanic. C-74:97-108. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1982. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-C74.97">10.15144/PL-C74.97</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. "The <a href="Marquesan_language" title="Marquesan language">Marquesan</a> dialects: a first approach". In Laycock, D.C. and Winter, W. editors, A World of language: Papers presented to Professor S.A. Wurm on his 65th birthday. C-100:669-681. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1987.</li>

<li>Tryon, D. "<a href="Oceanic_languages" title="Oceanic languages">Oceanic</a> plant names". In Pawley, A.K. and Ross, M.D. editors, Austronesian Terminologies: Continuity and change. C-127:481-510. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1994. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-C127.481">10.15144/PL-C127.481</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D. "<a href="Maii_language" title="Maii language">Mae-Morae</a> and the languages of <a href="Epi_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Epi Island">Epi</a> (Vanuatu)". In Lynch, J. and Pat, F.'A. editors, Oceanic Studies: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Oceanic Linguistics. C-133:305-318. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1996. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-C133.305">10.15144/PL-C133.305</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D.T. and Gly, R. Gazetteer of <a href="New_Hebrides" title="New Hebrides">New Hebrides</a> place names/Nomenclature des noms geographiques des Nouvelles-Hebrides. D-15, xxxvi + 188 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1979. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-D15">10.15144/PL-D15</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D. <a href="Bislama" title="Bislama">Bislama</a>: An Introduction to the National Language of Vanuatu. D-72, xiv + 261 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1987. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-D72">10.15144/PL-D72</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D. "<a href="Ngatikese_language" title="Ngatikese language">Ngatikese</a> Men's Language". In Pawley, A., Ross, M. and Tryon, D. editors, The boy from Bundaberg: Studies in Melanesian linguistics in honour of Tom Dutton. PL-514:345-360. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 2001. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15144%2FPL-514.345">10.15144/PL-514.345</a></li>

<li>Tryon, D. "The <a href="Espiritu_Santo_languages" title="Espiritu Santo languages">languages of Espiritu Santo</a>, Vanuatu". In Bowden, J., Himmelmann, N.P. and Ross, M. editors, A journey through Austronesian and Papuan linguistic and cultural space: papers in honour of <a href="Andrew_K._Pawley" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew K. Pawley">Andrew K. Pawley</a>. PL-615:283-290. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 2010.</li>

<li>Tryon, D. "The endangered <a href="Languages_of_Vanuatu" title="Languages of Vanuatu">languages of Vanuatu</a>". In Senft, G. editor, Endangered Austronesian, Papuan and Australian Aboriginal languages: essays on language documentation, archiving and revitalization. PL-617:17-34. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 2010.</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Alexandre_Fran%C3%A7ois" title="Alexandre François">Alexandre François</a></li>

<li><a href="Terry_Crowley_(linguist)" title="Terry Crowley (linguist)">Terry Crowley (linguist)</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFTryon1963" class="citation thesis cs1">Tryon, Darrell (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/handle/10092/100726">Le français parlé aux Iles Loyauté</a> (Masters thesis). UC Research Repository, University of Canterbury. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.26021%2F926">10.26021/926</a>. <a href="Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10092%2F100726">10092/100726</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-tahitiinfo-6"><a href="#cite_ref-tahitiinfo_6-0">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tahiti-infos.com/Deces-d-un-specialiste-mondial-des-langues-oceaniennes_a74371.html?com">"Décès d'un spécialiste mondial des langues océaniennes"</a>. Oceania Flash. Tahiti Info. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 12 June 2013.</cite>

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</li>

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